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Thermocouples are produced according to specifications:


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Section 1. ТC-А THERMOELECTRIC TRANSDUCERS
OF TUNGSTEN-RHENIUM TYPE.

GENERAL TECHNICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THERMO TRANSDUCERS


TC-А — tungsten-rhenium thermocouple

                   










TC-А — tungsten-rhenium thermocouple (W-Re 5/20) of the type A calibration from 0 to 2200 (up to 2500 short time).

1. Reference table (RT) and tolerance class

RT and tolerance class correspond to GOST standard. Limits of admissible deviations of thermal EMF from nominal values within the operating temperature range do not exceed the values given in the chart.

2. Operating temperature range

The operating temperature range of thermal transducers is determined by heat-resistant features, corrosion stability of the protective tube’s material.

3. Resistance to mechanical effects

Thermal transducers of type A should resist effects of sinusoidal vibration in the range of 5 to 25 Hz according to group L3 GOST 12997-84.

W-Re thermocouples do not allow vibration impacts when idle (cold) after several hours of one-time operation at working temperature because of wires’ embrittlement.

4. Climatic design — УХЛ2 (UHL2) according to GOST 15150-69.

5. Water- and dust-resistant — conforms to IP55 design according to GOST 14254-96.

6. Average operating time till breakdown in pure inert medium for thermal transducers - at least:

6000 hours for operating temperature range from 0 to 1600°C;

1000 hours for top limit operating temperature range values over 1800°C;

7. Identification code for the type A thermal transducers:


termo

 

1.1. THERMAL TRANSDUCERS, EXPOSED JUNCTION MODELS

These thermal transducers are designed for temperature measurement in gaseous, chemically non-aggressive environments and in vacuum. Thermal transducers, model TC-А 001, are supplied in a two-channel high-purity alumina tube (А12О3). On request, to increase upper limit of operating temperature range up to 1950°C, the insulating two-bored tube for the wires can be made of single-crystal aluminium oxide— leucosapphire (model 001L).

Thermal transducers, models TC—А 002К, TC—А 002L and TC—А 003L, are supplied in hermetic protection quartz glass tubes (TC-А 002К) or leucosapphire (TC—А 002L and TC—А 003L), filled with an inert gas. The insulator is a two-bored high-purity alumina tube (TC—А 002К and TC—А 002L) or leucosapphire (TC—А 003L). The tightness of thermal transducers makes it possible to use them in oxidizing environment.    

The wires’ materials for thermocouples of the type A calibration are tungsten-rhenium 5% (W-Re5) and tungsten-rhenium 20% (W-Re20) alloys.

TC-А 001, TC—А 002 and TC—А 003 thermal transducers serve as sensitive elements for cased thermal transducers.

Note: when necessary, thermal transducers with thermoelements having other diameters may be produced, which should be stated clearly when ordered.

Identification code: TC—А 001 — d — L, where d is the diameter of alumina tube, L is the length of the mounting part.

A sample order record:

TC—А 001—4—500 — tungsten-rhenium thermal transducer of A-1 calibration, 001 structural model, diameter (d) = 4 mm, mounting length ( L ) = 500 mm.

If not stated otherwise, TC-А thermal transducers of the 3-rd accuracy class are supplied (±0,7%); diameter of the thermoelectrodes (wires) — 0,5 mm.

1.2. THERMOELECTRICAL TRANSDUCERS IN METAL CASES

MODELS TC—А 112 and TC—А 121

These thermal transducers are designed for temperature measurement of high-temperature gaseous inert and hydrogen environments, non-destructive for the protective case material, and in vacuum.

The thermal transducers are provided with a double protective case. The outer case is metal tube, the inner case is quartz glass or leucosapphire tube. On request, to increase top limit operating temperature range up to 1950°C, the insulating two-channel tube for the wires may be made of single-crystal aluminium oxide— leucosapphire (model 112Л).

TC-А 112 and TC-А 112Л thermal transducers have composite cases. The working part of the case is 600 mm long and 16 mm in diameter, it is made of molybdenum, while the remaining part of the case is made of heat-resistant CrNi45Al alloy, 20 mm in diameter. The welding spot should not be exposed to temperatures above 800°C during operation.

TC-А 121К thermal transducers are provided with all-metal case 20 mm in diameter, made of heat-resistant CrNi45Al alloy.

Thermal transducers may be used with movable union. The mounting parts of a thermal transducer may be produced according to customer’s design drawing. The protective case is hermetic. TC-А 121К thermal transducers may be used in oxidizing environments.  

1.3. THERMOELECTRIC TRANSDUCERS IN CERAMIC CASES,

MODELS

These thermal transducers are designed for temperature measurement of high-temperature gaseous oxidizing, inert and hydrogen environments, non-destructive for the protective case material, and in vacuum.

The thermal transducers are provided with twin ceramic tubes: the inner tube is hermetic, made of quartz glass (К) or leucosapphire (L), while the outer tube is made of quartz ceramic (SiO2) for 211 model, of silicon carbide (SiC) for 221 model, of silicon nitride (Si3N4) for 231 model, of corundum (Al2O3) for 241 model. The thermal transducers of 251 and 252 models have a single tube made of leucosapphire (mono-crystal alumina).

The thermoelements are sealed in the inner tube and inside the thermocouple head to exclude penetration of oxygen into the case. This makes it possible to use the thermal transducers in oxidizing gaseous environments to replace thermocouples made of precious metals.

The structure of TC-А 251 thermal transducers is patented as a useful model.

The outer case of the thermal transducer is partially reinforced with a heat resistant steel tube. The ceramic part of the case is 600 mm long for all mounting lengths of the thermal transducer (except for TC-А 251). The thermoelements are insulated by two-channel tube made of oxide ceramic.

To measure temperature inside vacuum chambers during siliconizing and aluminizing of composite materials with high carbon potential, the thermal transducers with leucosapphire cases are additionally provided with movable metal flange (TC-А 253) and protective case made of „Uglekon” type composite material.

Specifications of TC-А thermal transducers in ceramic cases

To prevent the ceramic case from destruction due to large temperature gradient while submerging into the working environment, the rate of thermal transducer heat-up should not exceed 60°C/min for alumina, 100°C/min for ceramic made of carbide and silicon nitride. Quartz ceramic allows any rate of submerging into the working environment. No direct contact of oxide ceramic and graphite is permitted at temperatures above 1000°C.

  

Section 2. THERMOELECTRICAL TRANSDUCERS BASED ON THERMOCOUPLES MADE OF PRECIOUS METALS, TYPES TC-B(S)

Thermoelectrical transducers based on thermocouples made of precious metals, types TC-B(S) 

   

1. The range of temperature measurements conforms to GOST 6616-94, °C

2. Reference table and tolerance class:

Reference table and tolerance class conform to GOST 6616-94, GOSTR 8.585-2001 standards. Limits of admissible deviations of EMF from nominal values in the operating temperature range should not exceed the values given in the chart.

3. Operating temperature range:

The operating temperature range of thermal transducers is determined by the type of the sensitive element, as well as heat-resistant and heatproof features, corrosive stability of the protective tube material.

4. Resistance to mechanical effects:

Thermal transducers must be resistant to effects of sinusoidal vibration ranging from 5 to 25 Hz according to group L3 GOST 12997-84.

5. Climatic design — УХЛ2 (UHL2) according to GOST 15150-69.

6. Water- and dust-resistant — conforms to IP55 design according to GOST 14254-96.

7. Average operational time till breakdown for thermal transducers — at least 6000 hours at nominal operation temperature.

 2.1. THERMOELECTRICAL TRANSDUCERS WITH EXPOSED JUNCTION

TC-S(В) 001 model

These thermal transducers are designed for high temperature measurement in gaseous, chemically non-aggressive environments.

Uncased thermal transducer, model TC-S(В) 001, is supplied in a two-channel alumina tube. The thermoelement materials are:

•„Pt-Rh10% / Pt” for S-type thermal transducers;

•„Pt-Rh30% / Pt-Rh6% “ for B-type thermal transducers.

TC-S(В) 001 thermal transducers serve as sensitive elements for cased thermal transducers.

If not stated otherwise, TC-S thermal transducers are supplied of accuracy class 2 and TC-В thermal transducers - of accuracy class 3; thermoelement wires diameter is 0.5 mm.

2.2. THERMOELECTRIC TRANSDUCERS IN PLATINUM-RHODIUM CASES, MODELS TC-S(В) 102, TC-S(В) 102Л, TC-B 105, TC-B 105Л.

These thermal transducers are designed for glass melts temperature measurement and for especially aggressive liquid environments.

TC-S(B) 102 and TC-S(B) 102Л thermal transducers are provided with double cases. The inner tube may be made of alumina or sapphire. The outer tube is composite: the immersible part (L1 length) of 6-10 mm in diameter is made of platinum-rhodium alloy, while the remaining part of the case is made of heat-resistant CrNi5Al alloy, 20 mm in diameter.

TC-B 105 and TC-B 105L thermal transducers are provided with twin cases. The inner case may be made of alumina or sapphire. The outer case consists of three parts: the immersible part (L1 length) of 6-10 mm in diameter is made of platinum-rhodium alloy, part of the case (L2 length) is made of alumina ceramic, and the remaining part of the case is made of heat-resistant alloy, 20 mm in diameter.

The length value for the immersible part of a thermal transducer (platinum-rhodium case) should be clearly indicated when ordering. Thermal transducers may be used with movable connecting unions. The mounting parts of thermal transducers may be produced according to customer’s design drawing.

Section 3 Thermoelectric transducers with base metal thermocouples, types TC-К(N, L)

Thermoelectric transducers with base metal thermocouples, types TC-К(N, L)

 

GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS OF THERMAL TRANSDUCERS

These thermal transducers are designed for temperature measurement in vacuum, on the surface of solid bodies, in loose, liquid and gaseous chemically non-aggressive environments, and in aggressive environments, not destructive for the protective case material.

1. The range of temperature measurements conforms to GOST 6616-94, °C.

2. Reference table and tolerance class:

Reference table and tolerance class of thermal transducers conform to GOST 6616-94 and GOSTR 8.585-2001, with limits of admissible EMF deviations not exceeding the values given in the chart.

3. Operating temperature range:

The operating temperature range of thermal transducers is determined by the type of the sensitive element, as well as heat-resistant and heatproof features, corrosive stability of the protective case material.

4. Resistance to mechanical effects:

The thermal transducers have a vibration-proof design (groups N2, V3. L1, L3) according to GOST 12997-84, frequency range:   

   - 10-150 Hz frequency , 49.0 m/s2 acceleration (design group V3 according to GOST 12997-84) — for thermal transducers of 0Х02 and 0Х03 models — with mounting length up to 250 mm inclusively;

  - 5-35 Hz (design group L1 according to GOST 12997-84) — for thermal transducers of 1Х05 and 1Х06 models with mounting length up to 500 mm and longer;

  - 5 to 25 Hz according to group L3 GOST 12997-84 — for thermal transducers of 2Х01 and 2Х02 models;

  -10-55 Hz (design group N2 according to GOST 12997 — 84) — for thermal transducers of all models and designs.

Cable thermal transducers without special protective cases, models 0Х01 and 0Х02, endure one cycle of 180º bending around a cylinder of a diameter equal to five diameters of the thermocouple cable.

5. Average operational time till breakdown for thermal transducers- at least 50000 hours at nominal operation temperature, for thermal transducers in metal protective cases, and at least 25000 hours for thermal transducers in ceramic protective cases, uncased and cable.

6. Average service life of thermal transducers:

3 years — for uncased and cable thermal transducers and thermal transducers in ceramic protective cases;

5 years — for thermal transducers in metal protective cases.

TC-Х 212 thermal probe

TC-Х 212 thermal probe

 

TC-Х 212 thermal probe is designed for short-time measurements of melt temperature for metals and salts.

The thermal probe is a metal bar containing a thermocouple in ceramic straws. At the operating side the thermal probe is bent at 45º and ends with a collet provided with a removable case made of silicon oxide to protect the thermocouple hot junction. The thermoelement wires pass inside the metal tube from the working joint to the coils. Part of the wires is wound on the coils as a reserve for replacing the thermocouple part which has exhausted while operation.

A digital temperature device is located on the tube from operator’ side. The device is powered independently, with three Li-batteries.

Weight of the thermal probe — 1.2 kg.

The sensitive element of the thermal probe:

•W-Re5%— E-Re20%, thermocouple (thermoelement wires (ø 0.5 mm) length ℓ — 12000 mm)

•Pt-Rh10%— Pt, thermocouple (thermoelement wires (ø 0.5 mm) length ℓ — 3000 mm)

•Pt-Rh30% — Pt-Rh6%, thermocouple (thermoelement wires (ø 0.5 mm) length ℓ — 3000 mm)

chromel-alumel (K) thermocouple, (thermoelement wires (ø 0.5 mm) length ℓ — 12000 mm)

The removable protective case is made of high-purity modified silicon oxide, dimensions: length 115 mm, outer diameter 12 mm, inner diameter 7 mm.

The supply consignment includes 10 removable cases enduring 5-10 immersions into melt cast iron at the temperature of approx. 1500°C.